Thousands of Plains Indians died from smallpox. Native American contact with Whites turned out to be deadly, especially for the Plains tribes. One...
A Deadly Plague
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The Last Battle of the Indian Wars
One of those post-Indian Wars gunfights, almost lost in history, occurred in northern Arizona on November 11th, 1899, long after the Indian Wars had...
The Wildest Town in Indian Territory
Muskogee, Oklahoma’s early years as a frontier outpost were violent, dangerous and unpredictable. Welcome to Muskogee, the rip-roaring and most...
Native History Celebrated Large
Only months old, the First Americans Museum in Oklahoma City is dedicated to truth-telling. It was once called Indian Territory, a dumping ground as...
The Indian Civil War
For the Cherokee, the conflict pitted brother against brother. The Civil War not only split the United States, but it also tore apart various Indian...
Taking a Stand
Cherokee leader Watie signed an unpopular treaty. Stand Watie was a controversial Cherokee leader. He and several members of his family signed a...
Bringing out the Big Guns
The first time the army used howitzers against Indians In 1862, a Union army force was making its way across Arizona Territory. They had entered...
Braves and Badges
Early American Indian Police played a strong role in the settlement of the West. Before recorded history, American Indians practiced some form of...
Yucca Roots for Shampoo
What did Indians use for soap, if anything? Or, was it not part of their culture? Usually the natives used plants to provide soap. For example, many...
Bouncing Back After a Year of Online Displays, Curators Eagerly Await Visitors
Bouncing Back After a Year of Online Displays, Curators Eagerly Await Visitors. After more than a year of COVID-19 restrictions, Western art museums...
Edward S. Curtis and the Hollywood Headhunters
The famed photographer's leap into silent films was anything but successful. While Edward S. Curtis’s photographs, and especially his 20...
Have Camera, Will Travel
The Fearless Mirror Makers of the Arizona Territory Arizona and the Southwest were virtually unknown in the middle of the 19th century. A few...